LL-37 5 mg - antimicrobial peptide (cathelicidin-1) PeptoLabs

LL-37 can be found in neutrophils, epithelial tissues and barrier surfaces, where it helps protect us at an early stage.

Our LL-37 product is supplied ready to use in a stabilised injection pen for subcutaneous administration. This method provides stable systemic exposure and reliable engagement of immune signals in studies. Each pen is made with fresh ingredients to preserve its structure, and the dosage is standardised. Please note that this product is intended for laboratory and research use only.

Studies indicate that LL-37 acts against bacteria, viruses and fungi, and also alters cytokine production and chemotactic signals. It is also involved in immune cell movement, blood vessel formation and wound healing. Research covers defence biology, barrier function studies, inflammation control and tissue repair research.

Mechanism of action

LL-37 supports innate immune defence by interacting directly with microbial membranes and modulating host immune signalling pathways. It disrupts pathogen membranes and also affects cytokine release and immune cell recruitment. This dual antimicrobial and immunomodulatory profile makes LL-37 a notable agent in host defence research.
Membrane destabilisation with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity:

LL-37 is a cationic amphipathic peptide that binds preferentially to negatively charged phospholipids present on microbial membranes. Through electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic insertion, it disrupts membrane integrity and causes structural destabilisation. This mechanism leads to rapid changes in membrane permeability rather than inhibition of intracellular enzymatic pathways. Because its activity is directed at the membrane, it does not depend on specific metabolic targets that commonly mutate in antibiotic-resistance models. In vitro systems demonstrate membrane disruption in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as in some viral envelopes. This structural mechanism of action positions LL-37 as a host defence peptide rather than a conventional antimicrobial compound.

Integration into innate immune signalling networks:

In addition to direct interaction with pathogens, LL-37 functions as an immunomodulatory mediator. It interacts with Toll-like receptor signalling pathways and modulates downstream NF-kB signalling cascades. This effect changes cytokine and chemokine expression patterns in epithelial and immune cells. LL-37 does not act as a simple immunostimulant, but instead finely regulates the intensity of inflammatory signalling depending on the environmental context. This regulatory capacity supports coordinated activation of innate immunity rather than excessive amplification of inflammation.

Chemotactic migration of effector immune cells:

LL-37 is involved in chemotactic signalling processes that recruit neutrophils, monocytes, dendritic cells and T lymphocytes to sites of microbial exposure. Experimental models show increased migration of immune cells towards LL-37 concentration gradients. This migration supports early containment of pathogens before adaptive immunity becomes dominant. Its role in shaping immune-cell migration dynamics highlights its importance in the early stages of host defence biology.

Involvement of angiogenic and repair signalling pathways:

Studies indicate that LL-37 affects endothelial cell migration and angiogenic signalling pathways. In experimental systems, it has been associated with modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor. These effects contribute to organised tissue repair responses after injury. The peptide's involvement in both immune defence and regenerative processes reflects its dual functional role in the body's physiology.

Context-dependent regulation of inflammatory cascades:

LL-37 demonstrates the ability either to increase or suppress inflammatory mediator expression, depending on the cellular environment. In some models, it reduces excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while in others it enhances targeted activation of the immune system. This context-dependent modulation suggests a role in calibrating the immune system rather than in linear stimulation. Such flexibility is central to its position in research on immune balance.

Use:

The recommended dosage is 150 to 200 mcg (micrograms) per day. The course lasts 50 days.

The product is intended for research purposes only  The information was collected through numerous studies and analyses conducted over many years and is not intended for the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of any disease.

*All results are individual and depend on your health status